May 3, 2024

Advertising: Marketers Tease Super Bowl Commercials

The growing interest among consumers in discussing Super Bowl commercials on social Web sites before and during the game is pushing sponsors to use sites like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube to stimulate excitement about their expensive and often elaborate spots. The result is that a long-held belief among marketers that Super Bowl commercials should be kept hush-hush until they run is giving way to a philosophy of teasing content in advance. In some cases, that means sharing even entire commercials early.

For instance, on Wednesday Volkswagen of America began running a video meant to pique interest in its coming Super Bowl commercial for the 2012 Beetle. The Super Bowl commercial will tell a story about a determined dog and end with a homage to “Star Wars” and “The Force,” the Volkswagen Passat commercial from the 2011 Super Bowl that was the most-watched ad on YouTube last year, with more than 49 million views.

The teaser video, called “The Bark Side,” presents a canine chorus performing “The Imperial March” from the “Star Wars” films, which was also heard in the Passat commercial. The teaser was viewed 1.6 million times on youtube.com in the first 24 hours; by Monday afternoon, the total exceeded 7.3 million. The teaser also directs viewers to a section of the Volkswagen Web site, vw.com/star-wars-invite, where they can invite friends to Super Bowl parties with customized versions of the “Star Wars” opening title crawls.

The actual Beetle Super Bowl commercial is to be posted online on Feb. 1, four days before the Giants and the Patriots meet in Super Bowl XLVI on NBC, which is charging an average of $3.5 million for 30 seconds of commercial time.

“We want to start and provoke a conversation,” said Tim Mahoney, chief product and marketing officer at Volkswagen of America, and “we’re off to a rock-solid start.”

The company is following its playbook from last year, when “The Force” commercial for the Passat was uploaded to YouTube before appearing in Super Bowl XLV and was watched 14 million times before the game.

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Lifting the veil before the Super Bowl “has a halo effect,” said Mike Sheldon, chief executive at Deutsch L.A., the agency that created both commercials and the “Bark Side” teaser, by encouraging Super Bowl viewers to watch a spot when it turns up during the game.

“They like to be let in on the joke, let in on the story, early,” Mr. Sheldon added. Deutsch L.A. is part of the Deutsch division of Lowe Partners Worldwide, owned by the Interpublic Group of Companies.

“In previous years, Super Bowl commercials were single-day lightning,” said Suzie Reider, head of industry development for the global video team at Google. “Now, it feels more like rolling thunder.”

In planning its fifth annual Super Bowl AdBlitz — a channel devoted to the spots in the game, where computer users can vote for their favorites — YouTube, a unit of Google, is working with the NBC Sports unit of NBC. Ms. Reider said it was the first time that YouTube and the network broadcasting the game would be partners. For example, votes on nbcsports.com for AdBlitz favorites will be counted in the YouTube tally.

“We know the game includes the commercial experience,” said Troy Ewanchyna, vice president for business development and digital strategies at NBC Sports, which will also offer a live stream of the game on nbcsports.com (although with spots different from those running on television).

“People watching on air are looking for a companion experience online,” Mr. Ewanchyna said. “A partnership with someone like YouTube, incorporating social components, is a great way to extend the celebration.” NBC will promote the AdBlitz during the game and YouTube will brand the channel as “YouTube AdBlitz in partnership with NBC Sports.”

Volkswagen is one of an estimated 15 car or car-related brands that will advertise in Super Bowl XLVI, making efforts to stand out particularly important for those in that industry. Another automaker, Chevrolet, part of General Motors, already began running one of its Super Bowl commercials — a humorous spot for the Camaro, created by a young contest winneron youtube.com and chevrolet.com on Thursday.

And Audi, which will return to the Super Bowl for the fifth consecutive year, plans to release online a teaser video and a game about its commercial for Super Bowl XLVI on Tuesday or Wednesday. The 60-second commercial, scheduled to be one of the first in the game, demonstrates new LED headlights on the 2013 Audi S7 hatchback that, the spot proclaims, are so much like daylight they can vanquish vampires.

“We’re doing more and more prereleasing of information,” said Scott Keogh, chief marketing officer at Audi of America. The commercial will be supplemented by a campaign on Twitter, where Audi will promote the commercial with a hashtag, #SoLongVampires.

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“From everything we’ve seen, releasing early is good,” Mr. Keogh said, because it whets viewers’ appetites to the point where “they’re actually looking for your spot” in the game. The entire Super Bowl spot will be uploaded in the next week, he added, to Web sites like YouTube and audiusa.com.

The Audi creative agency is Venables Bell Partners in San Francisco.

Other sponsors of Super Bowl XLVI that have started to promote spots in the game include Bridgestone, with commercials featuring stars of basketball (Tim Duncan, Steve Nash) and football (Troy Aikman, Deion Sanders); Century 21; Dannon Oikos Greek yogurt; Doritos, sold by PepsiCo; E*Trade; Honda; Hyundai; Kia; Lexus; MM’s, sold by Mars; and Teleflora.

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=9d41e2ae49262cdc1526a70a2e396648

Bits Blog: A Dispute Over Who Owns a Twitter Account Goes to Court

Can a company cash in on, and claim ownership of, an employee’s social media account, and if so, what does that mean for workers who are increasingly posting to Twitter, Facebook and Google Plus during work hours? A lawsuit filed in July could provide some answers, reports John Biggs in Monday’s New York Times. Read the entire article.

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Lawsuit May Determine Who Owns a Twitter Account

In base economic terms, the value of individual Twitter updates seems to be negligible; after all, what is a Twitter post but a few bits of data sent caroming through the Internet? But in a world where social media’s influence can mean the difference between a lucrative sale and another fruitless cold call, social media accounts at companies have taken on added significance.

The question is: Can a company cash in on, and claim ownership of, an employee’s social media account, and if so, what does that mean for workers who are increasingly posting to Twitter, Facebook and Google Plus during work hours?

A lawsuit filed in July could provide some answers.

In October 2010, Noah Kravitz, a writer who lives in Oakland, Calif., quit his job at a popular mobile phone site, Phonedog.com, after nearly four years. The site has two parts — an e-commerce wing, which sells phones, and a blog.

While at the company, Mr. Kravitz, 38, began writing on Twitter under the name Phonedog_Noah, and over time, had amassed 17,000 followers. When he left, he said, PhoneDog told him he could keep his Twitter account in exchange for posting occasionally.

The company asked him to “tweet on their behalf from time to time and I said sure, as we were parting on good terms,” Mr. Kravitz said in a telephone interview.

And so he began writing as NoahKravitz, keeping all his followers under that new handle. But eight months after Mr. Kravitz left the company, PhoneDog sued, saying the Twitter list was a customer list, and seeking damages of $2.50 a month per follower for eight months, for a total of $340,000.

PhoneDog Media declined to comment for this article except for this statement: “The costs and resources invested by PhoneDog Media into growing its followers, fans and general brand awareness through social media are substantial and are considered property of PhoneDog Media L.L.C. We intend to aggressively protect our customer lists and confidential information, intellectual property, trademark and brands.”

Mr. Kravitz said the lawsuit, filed in the United States District Court in the Northern District of California, was in retaliation for his claim to 15 percent of the site’s gross advertising revenue because of his position as a vested partner, as well as back pay related to his position as a video reviewer and blogger for the site.

The lawsuit, though, could have broader ramifications than its effect on Mr. Kravitz and the company. “This will establish precedent in the online world, as it relates to ownership of social media accounts,” said Henry J. Cittone, a lawyer in New York who litigates intellectual property disputes. “We’ve actually been waiting to see such a case as many of our clients are concerned about the ownership of social media accounts vis-á-vis their branding.”

Mr. Cittone added that a particularly important wrinkle is what value the court might set on the worth of one Twitter follower to a media company, saying the price set could affect future cases involving ownership of social media.

“It all hinges on why the account was opened,” he said. “If it was to communicate with PhoneDog’s customers or build up new customers or prospects, then the account was opened on behalf of PhoneDog, not Mr. Kravitz. An added complexity is that PhoneDog contends Mr. Kravitz was just a contractor in the related partnership/employment case, thus weakening their trade secrets case, unless they can show he was contracted to create the feed.”

These situations are likely to arise more often as social media tools like Twitter, Google+, and Facebook continue to become a way for company representatives and customer service employees to interact with fans and irate customers. JetBlue, for example, often answers customer queries via Twitter, although their official policy is to not respond to “formal complaints” on Twitter.

Other issues may arise when companies hire popular Twitter users partly because of their social media presence. For example, Samsung Electronics hired the outspoken blogger Philip Berne to review phones for the company internally. Mr. Berne uses his personal Twitter account but often posts explicitly about Samsung products and his opinions on the phones he has tested. He cleared his Twitter account with the Samsung public relations department, he said, and he owns it.

“Their stance was that I am entitled to have and express an opinion, but I am not a Samsung representative, and I should make it clear that any opinions are my own and not those of my employer,” Mr. Berne said. In general, social media experts advise companies to tread with caution when it comes to account ownership. Sree Sreenivasan, a professor at the Columbia Journalism School and the author of Sree’s Social Media Guide, said smart companies let social media blossom where it may.

“It’s a terrible thing to say you have to leave your Twitter followers behind,” he said, talking specifically about media companies that may employ popular Twitter writers. “It sends a terrible signal to reporters and journalists who care about this, and this will make it less attractive to recruit the next round of people.”

He said that many industries had policies that required sales staff to leave their Rolodexes behind, but that these policies were as relevant to social media as Rolodexes are to the modern office. After all, social media accounts are, almost by definition, personal.

He also said that the average Twitter account had less clout than many might think.

“The value of the individual users is very hard to quantify,” he said. “It’s dangerous to overestimate the value of an account to an organization and underestimate what it means for an individual.”

Mr. Kravitz said he was confused.

“They’re suing me for over a quarter of a million dollars,” he said. “From where I’m sitting I held up my end of the bargain.”

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=41cb941a9013d3b52fe9ae70b543aaf4

App Smart: Best iPhone Apps of 2011

FLIPBOARD For the last year, iPhone users could only watch as iPad owners used Flipboard to deliver beautiful versions of Facebook, Twitter and other graphically challenged online services. Earlier this month, though, Flipboard delivered a long-awaited free iPhone version, which has quelled any doubts that it would live up to the standard of the big-screen version. Flipboard is fast, slick and smart. The Twitter app’s scrolling feature may be faster, but I find myself clicking through to more information about Twitter posts when I view them on Flipboard, and it’s great to flip quickly to other feeds in the same app.

BAND OF THE DAY If you live in a radio wasteland and you don’t want to pay a lot to Slacker and Pandora to hear new music without ads, Band of the Day (free) is a great choice. The app daily features five songs from a new band, along with artist bios, videos and reviews. You can listen to each song five times, and if you don’t love one day’s selection you can scan backward through the calendar to find others you missed or tune into the day’s mix tape.

TIGER WOODS: MY SWING This is the year’s best entry for athletic types. This app isn’t even for avid golfers as much as it’s suited to beginners. As long as you know how to grip a club and you understand the basic elements of a golf stroke, My Swing ($5) can help you avoid a hack-fest on your next trip around a course. After you use the device to record your swing, the software overlays graphics onto the video to show how well your stroke conforms to the specifications of Mr. Woods. His tutorials, though brief, are highly useful.

SKYVIEW This is the new leader among iPhone astronomy apps — at least for the money. SkyView ($2) features a dead simple interface with just the right amount of cool features to keep casual stargazers enthralled. Point your phone at the sky, and the app transforms the camera view into a labeled map of the heavens. The graphics are lovely, and you can click for more information on various planets and stars, or, with the sweep of a finger, learn when they will be in a particular spot in the sky. The free version is also good, but it offers just a glimpse of the paid version’s extended features.

GOOGLE TRANSLATE Google offered a gift to Apple owners this year when it released a slightly pared-down version of its stellar Translate app for Android. Like that version, the Google Translate for the iPhone (free) quickly translates your spoken phrases into text, and for 24 languages, Google Translate will speak the new phrase in a foreign tongue. The spoken-phrases-to-text feature works for 17 languages, so you can hand your phone back and forth for more extended conversations. To save on overseas data charges when Wi-Fi is not available, you can store translated phrases, like ones explaining to others how to use the app.

VIDRHYTHM This is ridiculously fun, foolproof software. VidRhythm (free) guides you through the process of recording a few sound and video samples, and then drops those fragments into one of roughly 15 music video templates. The random scrambling of your samples, set to rhythm, is a bit of musical and humor brilliance, and will appeal to people capable of laughing at themselves. The app includes pitch-correction technology, so the tonally challenged needn’t fear the results. You can export videos to Facebook or YouTube, or import original music and let VidRhythm twist your tunes.

DRAGON GO People who have an iPod Touch or older iPhone and are tired of hearing about Siri from iPhone 4S owners can find relief with this genius little app. Touch a button and tell Dragon Go! (free) what you need, and it scans the Web for results. Say “great sushi” or “great plumbers,” and it’ll suggest nearby restaurants and contractors. You can sort results quickly, so if you just want a Wikipedia entry or a YouTube video, a flick of the thumb will get you there. Dragon Go! won’t speak cute answers to your cute questions, but as a productivity tool, it’s a winner.

WUNDERLIST Awesome Note is in the iPhone App Hall of Fame for good reason, but it offers more features than many people need, and it costs $4. For a simple, elegant and free app that’ll help you build to-do lists and send reminders to all your devices, Wunderlist (free) is ideal. The app makes it easy to set up a task list and prioritize and organize items. The layout is clean and attractive, and the app has intelligent flourishes, including a feature that lets users add tasks through e-mail.

GARAGEBAND Apple’s desktop version of GarageBand has long been a standby for hobbyists and professionals, but the mobile version ($5) is better suited to the masses. Instead of clicking through a drum track or a bass line, you can tap on the device’s glass as if it were the real instrument. Tracks are easily built and tweaked, so you can peck away at a musical idea for months or sketch something in a matter of minutes. Using an external device like the Apogee Jam or the GuitarJack, guitarists can plug their instrument into the iPhone and add layers of stomp-box sound.

PHOTOSYNTH This extremely cool panorama technology from Microsoft is highly refined and a breeze to use. Stand in place and point the phone’s camera straight ahead, and Photosynth (free) snaps a picture. It then prompts you to drift in different directions and to stop when it detects the next photo in the panorama sequence. The app takes a minute or two to process the shot, but when it’s done, you have an amazing photo that you can rotate in any direction, enlarge and share as you would any iPhone image.

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=83a86d0f76c4b2159fbdfa05896130dc

Bucks Blog: Friday Reading: Cremations Boom in Tough Economic Times

December 09

Friday Reading: Cremations Boom in Tough Economic Times

Cremations boom in tough times, senate blocks head of new consumer agency, twitter tries to simplify its service and other consumer focused news from The New York Times.

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=659a854ebaaca5ebf8a9772f3b986b60

Bits Blog: Twitter Tries to Simplify Its Service

Twitter's new design features a “#discover” icon signifying keywords and topics.Twitter’s new design features a “#discover” icon signifying keywords and topics.

Twitter on Thursday announced a new design for its service that the company hopes will draw new users, keep them on the site longer and persuade paid advertisers to follow them there.

The new look for Twitter, which is rolling out first in applications for Apple and Android phones, has three new tabs that Twitter hopes will make the service simpler for the uninitiated to use: a personal home page, marked by a birdhouse icon; an “@ connect” tab signifying conversations, people and brands; and a “# discover” tab for keywords and topics. Clicking an old-fashioned quill symbol lets a user compose a message.

Jack Dorsey, a Twitter founder and chairman of the board, characterized the new look this way: “Less places to click, less things to learn.”

Founded five years ago as a platform for sending out pithy text-message-like missives, Twitter now has 100 million users worldwide, according to figures from the company. Its audience is a fraction of Facebook’s and, on average, younger and more tech-savvy.

Twitter is remarkably easy in some respects. Every message – or tweet – must be limited to 140 characters, including links to Web sites, music or photographs. Or a user can quietly follow others who have something to say — celebrities, politicians or their mothers – or read about the issues that are “trending,” or popular worldwide.

Twitter is designed for public messages and allows users to sign up using pseudonyms. It has proved to be a remarkably nimble tool in mobilizing protest movements and spreading political messages.

But it has been vexed by a perception that it is difficult to use. Quirks like hashtags, or message topics preceded by a # symbol, can be discouraging for first-time users. Thursday’s announcement seems intended to position Twitter as a more mainstream instrument, and presumably to draw more advertisers.

As a symbol of its ambition, Twitter unveiled the new design at its would-be new headquarters: a 215,000-square-foot space in a long-defunct Art Deco-era building in downtown San Francisco. Twitter, which currently employs 700 people in a smaller office space, said it would be able to hold “thousands” of people in its new space.

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=6aa04ef132b9c2a21bee8cc067f9155d

New NPR Chief Faces Challenges on All Sides

On Thursday, his first day as president and chief executive of NPR, Gary E. Knell took questions on Twitter and NPR’s “Talk of the Nation” — and he got an earful.

Listeners asked him to increase programs for diverse audiences, expand online availability of NPR shows, wean the programmer off federal funds, accept donations via mobile texts, add Spanish-language pledge drives, address charges of liberal bias and increase coverage of Occupy Wall Street, secular Arab violence and “nuclear winter.”

And that is just a partial list.

The last 14 months were bruising for NPR, starting with the politically controversial decision to fire the commentator Juan Williams and continuing with the departure of NPR’s top news and fund-raising executives and the chief executive, Vivian Schiller, who resigned under pressure in March. The extended search that ended with the appointment of Mr. Knell, 57, formerly chief executive at Sesame Workshop, the producer of “Sesame Street,” also took its toll.

NPR’s executive editor for news quit for another job last week, and the development executive overseeing individual giving is also leaving, NPR confirmed. Big donors are getting antsy.

“If they are going to invest their support, they need to be reassured and re-engaged,” said Mark Vogelzang, incoming chief executive of the Maine Public Broadcasting Network.

Mr. Knell, a professed NPR “groupie,” has worked in publishing, public television and government, but never in a newsroom.

When he referred to NPR as a “product” on “Talk of the Nation,” some listeners complained that NPR was a vital information service, not a product for sale.

The media watchdog group Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting criticized Mr. Knell earlier when he said he wanted to “depoliticize” the public broadcasting debate. The group has called such efforts “code for appeasing public broadcasting’s conservative enemies by adding more right-wing content and censoring things they may not like.”

Steve Bass, chief executive of Oregon Public Broadcasting, is not worried, however. Mr. Knell, he said, “dealt with complex and thorny editorial issues in his capacity at Sesame Workshop,” adding that he was “driven by public service. That’s what you want. He’s not a guy coming in looking at this as a business.”

Mr. Bass said Mr. Knell’s background should serve NPR well. “He’s been very entrepreneurial. He has experience creating programming. He’s had to develop new funding streams,” Mr. Bass said.

When Mr. Knell took the top job at Sesame Workshop in 2000, the organization was grappling with commercial competition from Nickelodeon and others. He ended internal turf fights and mended a frayed relationship with PBS.

A first move was to change the name — from Children’s Television Workshop — to signal that it would be a player in all media. Under his watch, Sesame Workshop invested in online operations while revitalizing “Sesame Street” and expanding worldwide, said Laura R. Walker, chief executive of New York Public Radio and a former Workshop colleague.

“He’ll bring that producer mentality of, we’re going after this one brand and get it all over the place,” she said.

Joan Ganz Cooney, co-founder of Children’s Television Workshop, called Mr. Knell smart and analytical.

“He looks to the future,” she said. “He always has a vision of what he thinks the company should be. And he has a dynamic personality, very dynamic. He’s a super salesman. He represented the Workshop extremely well and articulately throughout the world.”

He also emphasized the organization’s roots as an educational nonprofit, while building corporate partnerships with sponsors including Wal-Mart and American Greetings, and with the Comcast Corporation, with which it started the cable channel PBS Kids Sprout. The Sprout deal helped Sesame Workshop commercialize its program library and diversify distribution beyond PBS, but raised eyebrows because the channel runs ads.

In an interview by phone on Friday, Mr. Knell said Sprout adhered to strict rules of advertising to children, not interrupting shows. “We weren’t selling ourselves out,” he said, but he added that the organization wanted “to be everywhere and agnostic about distribution, and maybe that did make traditionalists nervous.”

NPR, financed by dues from member stations, faces a similar challenge as digital technology and online listening threaten to cut local stations out of the loop. His view, he said, is that “we have to have traditional broadcast but we’ve got to be a big player in digital media and on demand media.” If not, he said, “we’re going to be irrelevant in the future. I don’t think we have a choice.”

But local stations will remain crucial, he said.

“One of the strengths of public radio is localism,” he said. “The fact is the stations need NPR because we find these anchor programs, and NPR needs the stations for the local connectivity that they provide.”

NPR recently began a local-national partnership, StateImpact, that finances reporters in state capitals and is building systems to help local stations expand online.

In addition to the digital issue, Mr. Knell said he would focus on “core audiences and who we want our audience to be.” He also said NPR would evaluate content and what could work better, while addressing revenue.

He says he believes federal financing is a crucial component of public radio’s viability. “We’re going to fight for it,” he said, a stance that did not sit well with some critics last week. Calls with several members of Congress on both sides of the aisle were part of his first-week agenda.

Until he decides how to organize his team, he said he would not fill open executive positions.

“This is primarily a content organization,” he said, “and I want to make sure that content is what is driving a lot of the strategy at NPR.”

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=a6b65e9c20167a665f11bb43107a874a

Some Consumers Object to Sales on Thanksgiving

She still loves a good deal — last year she spent a couple of thousand dollars on markdowns that day, the Friday after Thanksgiving — but Ms. Nyberg says that she does not want retailers to ruin the holiday for her or their own employees.

Ms. Nyberg is drawing the line now that major chains like Target, Macy’s, Best Buy and Kohl’s say they will open for the first time at midnight on Thanksgiving, and Wal-Mart will go even further, with a 10 p.m. Thanksgiving start for deals on some merchandise.

Retailers, eager to be the first to draw customers on one of the biggest shopping days of the year, are pulling the equivalent of the Republican primary shuffle by opening earlier and earlier than competitors.

Last year, a few stores, including Toys “R” Us, pushed into Thanksgiving.

But judging from the negative reaction among dedicated Friday after Thanksgiving shoppers on blogs, Twitter and Facebook, the wave of midnight openings this year has crossed a line.

Part of the objection is inconvenience. To be at or near the front of the line, shoppers say they will now have to leave home hours earlier — in the middle of the turkey dinner for some. But the wider objections reflect sentiments like those of the Occupy Wall Street movement, including a growing attention to the rights of workers and a wariness of decisions by big business.

Either way, many in the shop-till-you-drop crowd have had enough with Black Friday creep.

“I just don’t think that’s good business, in a sense, to make your employees come in on one of the biggest holidays of the year and cut their family time short,” said Ms. Nyberg, 31, a saleswoman in Villa Rica, Ga., for a molecular biology company. “With the economy the way it is, no one’s going to say, ‘I’m not going to do that, I’m going to quit or get fired over it.’ ”

One retail executive sounded sad about the decision to open earlier. Brian Dunn, the chief executive of Best Buy, said that the midnight opening “became an operating imperative for us” after competitors moved their openings back. “I feel terrible,” he said.

A handful of retailers are holding out, like J. C. Penney, which will open at its usual 4 a.m. on Friday. “We wanted to give our associates Thanksgiving Day to spend with their families,” said Bill Gentner, senior vice president for marketing.

Still, some of the big retailers making the switch said that the response from workers and customers had been positive.

“There are many associates who would prefer to work this time as they appreciate the flexibility it affords their schedules for the holiday weekend,” Holly Thomas, a Macy’s spokeswoman, wrote in an e-mail. A Target spokesman, Antoine LaFromboise, said that employees will get holiday pay for Thanksgiving work, and “we’ve heard from our guests that they are excited.”

But even with increased pay, some retail workers said in interviews that the holiday hours were a raw deal.

Anthony Hardwick, 29, who works at a Target store in Omaha, said he would have to leave Thanksgiving dinner with his fiancée’s family so he could sleep before starting a shift around 11 p.m. on Thanksgiving, followed on Friday by a shift at his other job, at OfficeMax.

Mr. Hardwick says he is glad to have a job, and does not mind the early hours on Friday, but “cutting into our holidays is just a step too far.”

He added, “Even though it’s a desperate time doesn’t mean that we should trade all the ground that our fathers and our grandfathers, everyone that came before us, fought really hard for.”

He has created an online petition urging Target to open at 5 a.m. Friday instead, which had attracted a handful of signatures as of Thursday. 

The concern among customers about retail workers recalls an earlier era, when consumer advocates encouraged people to consider the impact of their shopping on sales clerks, said Lawrence B. Glickman, the chairman of the history department at the University of South Carolina.

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=97d607ed28d6f48ca26d5195aaeb43e0

Occupy Movement Inspires Unions to Embrace Bold Tactics

Union leaders, who were initially cautious in embracing the Occupy movement, have in recent weeks showered the protesters with help — tents, air mattresses, propane heaters and tons of food. The protesters, for their part, have joined in union marches and picket lines across the nation. About 100 protesters from Occupy Wall Street are expected to join a Teamsters picket line at the Sotheby’s auction house in Manhattan on Wednesday night to back the union in a bitter contract fight.

Labor unions, marveling at how the protesters have fired up the public on traditional labor issues like income inequality, are also starting to embrace some of the bold tactics and social media skills of the Occupy movement.

Last Wednesday, a union transit worker and a retired Teamster were arrested for civil disobedience inside Sotheby’s after sneaking through the entrance to harangue those attending an auction — echoing the lunchtime ruckus that Occupy Wall Street protesters caused weeks earlier at two well-known Manhattan restaurants owned by Danny Meyer, a Sotheby’s board member.

Organized labor’s public relations staff is also using Twitter, Tumblr and other social media much more aggressively after seeing how the Occupy protesters have used those services to mobilize support by immediately transmitting photos and videos of marches, tear-gassing and arrests. The Teamsters, for example, have beefed up their daily blog and posted many more photos of their battles with BMW, US Foods and Sotheby’s on Facebook and Twitter.

“The Occupy movement has changed unions,” said Stuart Appelbaum, the president of the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union. “You’re seeing a lot more unions wanting to be aggressive in their messaging and their activity. You’ll see more unions on the street, wanting to tap into the energy of Occupy Wall Street.”

Unions have long stuck to traditional tactics like picketing. But inspired by the Occupy protests, labor leaders are talking increasingly of mobilizing the rank and file and trying to flex their muscles through large, boisterous marches, including nationwide marches planned for Nov. 17.

Organized labor is also seizing on the simplicity of the Occupy movement’s message, which criticizes the great wealth of the top 1 percent of Americans compared with the economic struggles of much of the bottom 99 percent.

A memo that the A.F.L.-C.I.O. sent out last week recommended that unions use the Occupy message about inequality and the 99 percent far more in their communications with members, employers and voters.

Indeed, as part of its contract battle with Verizon, the communications workers’ union has began asserting in its picket signs that Verizon and its highly paid chief executive are part of the 1 percent, while the Verizon workers who face demands for concessions are part of the 99 percent. A dozen Verizon workers plan to begin walking from Albany to Manhattan on Thursday in a “March for the 99 percent.”

“We think the Occupy movement has given voice to something very basic about what’s going on in our country right now,” said Damon Silvers, the A.F.L.-C.I.O.’s policy director. “The fact that they’ve figured out certain concepts and language for doing that, we think is really important and positive.”

Over the last month, unions have provided extensive support to Occupy protesters around the country, from rain ponchos to cash donations. National Nurses United is providing staff members for first-aid tables at many encampments, while the A.F.L.-C.I.O.’s headquarters two blocks from the White House is providing shower facilities for the protesters occupying McPherson Square, 300 yards to the east.

Unions have also intervened with politicians on behalf of the protesters. In Los Angeles, labor leaders have repeatedly lobbied Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa not to evict the protesters. When New York City officials were threatening to evict the Occupy Wall Street protesters from Zuccotti Park, hundreds of union members showed up before daybreak to discourage any eviction, and the city backed down.

Like any relationship, however, the one between the Occupy movement and labor is complicated.

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=4e7f63f74a553568080af1a631fdcf9a

On Football: To Rise Above the Din, Many Ex-Players Talk Trash

Some players turned broadcasters, like Don Meredith, were bubbly and charming. Others, like Tom Jackson, were mild-mannered and conservative. Many, like Joe Montana, were bland and uninformative. A few were almost monosyllabic. None were confrontational.

Times have changed, and today’s former player spouts criticism, even of former teammates, as if he were paid by the snap judgment. This new generation of talking heads subscribes to a bellicose corollary of Cartesian metaphysics: I rip, therefore I am.

Justin Tuck and Brandon Jacobs miss games because of injury, and their former Giants teammate Antonio Pierce diagnoses them from a radio studio, accusing them of “taking it easy.” Tony Romo throws three game-killing interceptions, and the former Cowboy Deion Sanders says that fans are sick of a quarterback whom they cannot trust. Chad Ochocinco compliments Tom Brady on Twitter, and the former Patriot Tedy Bruschi tells a Boston radio audience that Ochocinco must “drop the awe factor” and “get with the program.” Michael Vick complains about a possible late hit, and Trent Dilfer — during a television segment on Romo, not Vick — makes a sarcastic remark about quarterbacks who whine.

Gosh, gentlemen, tell us how you really feel.

The increasingly strident criticism parallels a trend toward louder, less congenial public debate on just about every topic, from politics to fashion.

“The volume factor on all opinion has increased,” said Gregg Easterbrook, an author and ESPN columnist. With dozens of talk shows and hundreds of hours of sports programming on television and radio each week, broadcasters are clamoring for attention. Gentle, soft-spoken remarks will probably be shouted down. “To make opinion more noticeable, you have to make it outrageous,” Easterbrook said.

But although the decibels have been ratcheting for decades, former players usually stayed above the fray, providing aw-shucks humor (Terry Bradshaw, Tony Siragusa), cool professionalism (Troy Aikman) or strategic fastidiousness (Ron Jaworski), but little controversy. The Pierce-Bruschi generation has apparently plunged headfirst into the deep end of confrontational analysis.

Michael Rosenstein, a producer at the NFL Network, said that programmers wanted former players to be opinionated, but not to be inflammatory for its own sake.

“The best opinions are the ones based on fact,” Rosenstein said, noting that he expects his on-air personalities to be able to back up their remarks with hard evidence, like video footage of on-field errors.

Rosenstein produces “Playbook,” a program that emphasizes football strategy. “Playbook” is produced midweek, so the on-air personalities have several days to digest news items and form their opinions. Therefore, the show rarely features the segments that Rosenstein calls “instant reactions” on events just a few minutes or hours old.

Still, “Playbook” has generated some controversy. When the analyst Sterling Sharpe accused receiver Brandon Marshall of tiring at the end of a game in 2010, telling Marshall to “give us more” and “bring it” in the future, Marshall fired back that the “Playbook” cast was just trying to “sound like they know what they are talking about.” The ensuing back-and-forth kept bloggers busy for days.

The Sharpe-Marshall incident illustrated how the blogosphere can make remarks sound more inflammatory than they really were. “Playbook” showed video of Marshall slowing down late in the game, and Sharpe’s comments were couched by positive remarks about Marshall’s talent and prior success. Stripped of the context and qualifiers, the straightforward criticism sounded more like a personal attack.

In many cases, though, the context does not soften the criticism. Dilfer changed the subject so he could take a broadside at Vick. Bruschi questioned Ochocinco’s work ethic and knowledge of the playbook based solely on a benign bit of cyberspace flotsam.

“Ochocinco has been pretty much invisible this season, but I don’t think it’s because he’s spending too much time on Twitter,” Bruce Allen of Boston Sports Media Watch said about Bruschi’s remarks. “But this was a raging topic for a week.”

In an atmosphere where potshots quickly escalate into raging topics, it is easy to perceive self-interest when an ex-player becomes hypercritical. Commentators can earn endorsement deals and improve their public profile by standing out from the crowd. With dozens of retired players looking for broadcasting jobs each year, someone unwilling to take a bold position can be easily replaced by someone who will.

There is also some basic psychology involved. Old players love to lionize the good old days, and Easterbrook noted that even classical philosophers had a habit of yearning for simpler times.

“If Plato were a broadcaster at the ancient Olympics, he would talk about how great the old athletes were, and how nobody knows how to throw a discus right anymore,” he said.

For a former athlete, criticizing current players is a form of self-flattery, even though the glory days for guys like Pierce and Bruschi date all the way to 2008.

For Rosenstein, harsh criticism is sometimes just the result of spontaneity and inexperience.

“You can craft an instant reaction so it’s grounded in fact,” he said. “But it takes a really experienced production staff.”

When forced to comment on a story that just broke, younger ex-athletes fall back on what they know — locker-room interactions — and may not always recognize how their remarks will be perceived. “They need to learn on the fly,” Rosenstein said.

The increasing demand for former athletes to fill the panels of an ever-growing roster of commentary and analysis programs ensures that more players will take to broadcasting and with a strong market incentive to be as controversial as possible.

“People want this,” Allen said. “They want the controversy, the backlash, the bashing of athletes. They cannot get enough of it.”

Viewers, meanwhile, are advised to interpret some of the snippier comments as neither locker-room wisdom nor personal attacks, but as simple byproducts of filling too many broadcast hours with too few topics on too accelerated a sports news cycle.

“The more hours of programming you have,” Easterbrook said, “the greater the chance that someone is going to say something dumb.”

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