March 28, 2024

Rosneft to Send $60 Billion Worth of Oil to China

The Russian state oil company, Rosneft, intends to sign a major contract to supply China with more than $60 billion of crude oil, a deal that could signal a small shift away from Western Europe toward Asia.

Russia has been gradually opening its oil spigot to China in recent years. While the overall volume of Russia’s oil output has remained level, the country has decreased sales to recession-plagued Europe.

“Without any exaggeration a large-scale contract has been prepared by Rosneft,” said President Vladimir V. Putin said after a meeting on Thursday with China’s vice premier, Zhang Gaoli. Supplies to China are expected to reach “volumes of hundreds of millions of tons of oil, in total worth more than $60 billion” Mr. Putin said, though he provided no further details about the hefty contract.

Even a modest shift could have a significant effect on Europe, raising prices across the region. Russia is now the largest oil producer in the world, pumping about 10 million barrels a day, slightly more than Saudi Arabia.

Currently, Russia exports about a fifth of its oil output to Asia. It pipes oil directly to China after a trans-Siberian pipeline was completed in 2010 that overcame decades of tension along the long and remote border between Siberia and Manchuria.

Mr. Putin told Mr. Zhang that he hopes two Russian gas companies, Gazprom and Novatek, will similarly strike deals to export energy to China. Energy analysts said Rosneft has also been negotiating with Chinese companies to form joint ventures to drill in the Russian sector of the Arctic Ocean above eastern Siberia, after granting similar deals to Exxon Mobil, Eni of Italy and the Norwegian oil company Statoil to drill in the Kara Sea, an inlet on the western side of the long coastline.

The Rosneft deal would become the latest in a series of financial transactions between Russian energy companies and China.

Rosneft first took a loan of $6 billion from Chinese state banks as prepayment for oil exports in 2005. The company, in turn, used the money to finance its takeover of the largest production unit of Yukos oil company, after the imprisonment of the founder, Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky, an episode criticized by Western governments but not the Chinese.

In 2009, Chinese banks lent $25 billion to Rosneft and the state oil pipeline monopoly, Transneft, to complete the trans-Siberian pipeline, called the East Siberian-Pacific Ocean pipeline. Under the terms of the deal, the banks would be repaid with 2.5 billion barrels of oil exported to China over 20 years from 2010 until 2030.

Both sides have benefited. The volume of oil amounted to 4 percent of China’s oil demand over that period. On the Russian side, the loan helped stabilize Russia’s balance of payments crisis in the recession that began in 2008.

The latest Chinese deal will most likely allow the Russian government to delay a planned privatization of 19 percent of Rosneft’s shares, which faced political opposition. It also suggests closer financial ties with China, which could help Russia weather its current economic slump.

Article source: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/21/business/global/rosneft-to-send-60-billion-worth-of-oil-to-china.html?partner=rss&emc=rss

U.S. to Allow Canadian Pipeline

In reaching its conclusion that the Keystone XL pipeline from the oil sands deposits in Alberta would have minimal environmental impact, the administration dismissed criticism from environmental advocates, who said that extracting the oil would have a devastating impact on the climate and that a leak or rupture in the 36-inch-diameter pipeline could wreak ecological disaster. Opponents also said the project would prolong the nation’s dependence on fossil fuels, threaten sensitive lands and wildlife and further delay development of clean energy sources.

The State Department said in an environmental impact statement that the pipeline’s owner, TransCanada, had reduced the risks of an accident to an acceptable level and that the benefits of importing oil from a friendly neighbor outweighed the potential costs.

Final approval of the $7 billion project will not come before the end of the year, after public hearings and consultation with other federal agencies. But the State Department report Friday gave every indication that the administration was prepared to see Keystone proceed. The pipeline is expected to open in 2013 unless delayed by lawsuits or other challenges.

For many in the environmental movement, the administration’s apparent acceptance of the pipeline was yet another disappointment, after recent decisions to tentatively approve drilling in the Arctic Ocean, to open 20 million more acres of the Gulf of Mexico for oil leasing and to delay several major air quality regulations. The movement is still smarting from the administration’s failure to push climate change legislation through Congress.

Analysts and environmental advocates said these decisions had opened a wide and perhaps unbridgeable breach between the Democratic president and environmentally minded voters.

Michael Brune, president of the Sierra Club, urged President Obama to veto the project, despite the State Department’s willingness to see it proceed.

“The decision-making authority is solely the president’s,” he said. “Keystone XL is a huge issue for our young leaders at the Sierra Club, but they’re also watching the president’s actions on other critically important environmental and public health protections. It will be increasingly difficult to mobilize the environmental base and to mobilize in particular young people to volunteer, to knock on thousands of doors, to put in 16-hour days, to donate money if they don’t think the president is showing the courage to stand up to big polluters.”

The proposed Keystone XL pipeline extension would connect Canada’s oil sands to several vital refineries around Houston and the Gulf Coast that are designed to refine heavy crude oils. Keystone XL would also connect the synthetic fuel to a vast pipeline network that snakes out from the Gulf of Mexico to several large metropolitan areas around the Eastern Seaboard.

Kerri-Ann Jones, assistant secretary of state for oceans and international environmental, said in a telephone news briefing that the environmental impact statement released Friday was not the last word on the project. The president must make a final determination that the project is in the nation’s economic, political, energy security and environmental interest, she noted.

But the report does conclude, she said, that “there would be no significant impacts to most resources along the pipeline’s corridor” if the project’s operator follows all relevant laws, although she said that some American Indian cultural resources and the habitat for some plants and wildlife could be adversely affected.

TransCanada has insisted that its pipeline will be as safe as any in North America. It has refused to change its application in the face of critics who say the half-inch thick pipe wall in the pipeline is insufficiently sturdy for maximum flow pressures, a claim the company denies.

TransCanada agreed to 57 conditions set by the Department of Transportation last spring, including burying the pipeline four feet below the surface, committing to frequent aerial and ground monitoring and setting the maximum distance between shut-off valves at 20 miles.

“We believe we are building the safest pipeline in North America,” said Terry Cunha, a TransCanada spokesman.

Clifford Krauss reported from Houston.

Article source: http://feeds.nytimes.com/click.phdo?i=a2c9342c86f85fddd47d9502b0e0de76